Institutional network of the peat ecosystem restoration plan in Riau Province: Hierarchy and classification approaches

Government institutions, both central and local, have issued many policies and regulatory products related to tropical peatland management. Still, peatland degradation and conversion and even land fires continue to occur in Riau. The role of an effective and synergistic institutional network is essential and strategic for its existence. This paper analyzes the dominant role of key institutions in the arena of action for the peat ecosystem restoration plan and formulates a model of the institutional network. The method used is applying systematic and iterative graphic theory with institutional analysis tools, namely ISM or Interpretative Structure Modeling. The study results obtained three classifications of peat ecosystem restoration institutional networks based on critical institutions' main tasks and functions: institutional coordination, cooperation, and assistance/guidance programs. The conclusion drawn is that based on the institutional network model, it is known that cooperative institutions facilitate the maturation of the concept of peat restoration against the jointly planned program. The policy implication is strengthening the synergy of multi-stakeholder institutions formed as a critical factor in the management of sustainable peat restoration.